Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Fertility

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age and is caused by an imbalance in hormone levels. This condition leads to the overproduction of certain hormones, particularly androgens (male hormones), which disrupt the normal functioning of the ovaries. As a result, women with PCOS may experience symptoms such as irregular or absent menstrual cycles, excessive facial and body hair growth, acne, and difficulty conceiving. Additionally, the condition is often associated with the development of multiple small fluid-filled sacs (cysts) on the ovaries, though not all women with PCOS develop these cysts. Factors such as lifestyle, genetics, and insulin resistance play a significant role in its development.

Women with PCOS are also at an increased risk of developing other health conditions, including high blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and endometrial cancer (cancer of the uterine lining). Mental health challenges, such as anxiety and depression, are also common in women with PCOS. These hormonal and metabolic disruptions can lead to various reproductive and long-term health issues. While there is no cure for PCOS, it can be effectively managed through lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and medications to regulate hormone levels and improve symptoms. Early diagnosis and ongoing management are critical to reducing the risk of complications and improving the overall quality of life for women living with PCOS.