Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Fertility

Endometrial Cancer

Endometrial cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the inner lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium. It is the most common form of uterine cancer and typically affects postmenopausal women, though it can also occur in younger women. This cancer develops when abnormal cells in the endometrial lining grow uncontrollably, forming tumors, that may potentially invading nearby tissues and spreading to other parts of the body around the uterus. This cancer is often diagnosed at an early stage because one of its main symptoms is abnormal vaginal bleeding, particularly after menopause. In premenopausal women, it may present as heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding. Other symptoms can include pelvic pain, unusual vaginal discharge, and discomfort during intercourse or urination in more advanced stages. Early diagnosis is crucial for improving outcomes, as endometrial cancer is highly treatable when detected early.

Treatment depends on the stage and type of cancer:

• Surgery: Removal of the uterus (hysterectomy) is the primary treatment. In many cases, the ovaries and fallopian tubes are also removed.
• Radiation therapy: Used to kill remaining cancer cells or as an alternative for those unable to undergo surgery.
• Chemotherapy: Often recommended for advanced or recurrent cancer.
• Hormone therapy: For certain types of cancer, hormone-blocking drugs like progestins can slow tumor growth.