Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer develops in the cells of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It is a significant global health issue but is largely preventable and, if detected early, highly treatable. This type of cancer is most commonly caused by persistent infection with high-risk types of the human papillomavirus (HPV), a virus transmitted through sexual contact. Early stages may have no symptoms, but abnormal vaginal bleeding, unusual discharge, and pelvic pain can appear as the disease progresses. Prevention involves regular Pap smears, HPV testing, and vaccination, which can significantly reduce the risk. Treatment varies by stage and includes surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Early detection through screening ensures a high chance of successful treatment and survival.

Risk factors:

  • HPV infection
  • Early sexual activity
  • Multiple sexual partners
  • Smoking
  • Weakened immune system
  • Lack of regular screening

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